國立政治大學歷史學系

國立西南聯合大學的青年遠征軍

The Youth Expeditionary Army of National Southwest Associated University

1944年國民政府發動的知識青年從軍運動，是抗戰勝利前夕為適應軍事形勢需要而採取的一項重要舉措。作為戰時學科最齊備、師資最強大、學生人數最多的國立西南聯合大學，在這次從軍運動中有許多自身的特點。本文不拘於迄今常見的運動的緣起、政策制定、編制概況、作用意義等宏觀敘述，著重考察這所學校的從軍實踐。全文為三部分：首先在介紹學校動員措施基礎上，認為該校的從軍運動具有與民主與學科傳統有直接聯繫的若干特點。其次介紹從軍同學在軍中的訓練，歸納了從一個大學生轉變為士兵過程中的多種體驗。再次記述了西南聯大青年遠征軍執行的具體任務，遇到和克服了哪些困難，如何實現報效國家的理想。這一實證性的個案考察，不僅有助於彌補目前研究的某些薄弱環節，也有助於加強對全國民眾如何實踐抗戰建國大業的認識。

The 1944 Nationalist government campaign to encourage army enlistment by educated youth was an important method of fulfilling urgent military needs on the eve of victory of the Chinese War of Resistance against Japan. As a university with the most comprehensive disciplines, strongest faculty and largest number of students in wartime, National Southwest Associated University had many inherent features in the enlistment campaign. Contrary to existing macro narratives focusing on the origin, personnel, policy-making, and significance of this campaign, this article seeks to examine the university's army enlistment practices. This article is composed of three parts: In the first section, the author suggests that the university's army enlistment campaign shares features common to not only democracy but also its own traditional disciplines. Secondly, the paper summarizes the military training given to enlisted students and their variety of experience as they transformed into soldiers. Thirdly, this paper recounts the specific missions carried out by the Youth Expeditionary Army of National Southwest Associated University, and the difficulties they managed to conquer. Finally it explains how the students realized their ideals of serving their country. It is hoped that this empirical case study will not only contribute to current research, but also strengthen understanding about the widespread practical participation of the Chinese people in nation-building during the War of Resistance against Japan.

西南聯大；青年遠征軍；汽一團

National Southwest Associated University；the Youth Expeditionary Army